英語「be」の動詞活用・時制一覧

英語の動詞「be」の活用形と時制を一覧で紹介します。

「be」の活用形

「be」の活用形は以下の通りです。

原形｜be
三単現｜is
過去形｜was/were
過去分詞｜been
現在分詞｜being

「be」の意味と使い方とは
「be」は非常に多岐にわたる意味と使い方を持ちます。最も基本的な意味は「～である」という存在や状態を示すことです。例えば、「I am a student.（私は学生です）」のように、主語と述語を結びつけます。また、「be動詞」として、現在形（am, is, are）、過去形（was, were）、未来形（will be）などがあり、時制や主語によって形を変えます。進行形（be + 動詞のing形）を作る際にも用いられ、「I am studying.（私は勉強しています）」のように、動作の継続を表します。受動態（be + 動詞の過去分詞形）を作る際にも不可欠で、「The book was written by him.（その本は彼によって書かれた）」のように、主語が動作を受ける側であることを示します。さらに、命令文で「Be quiet!（静かにしなさい！）」のように、直接的な指示や要求を表すこともあります。このように、「be」は文法的に重要な役割を担い、様々な表現を可能にする基礎的な単語です。

「be」の時制一覧

「be」の時制は以下の通りです。

現在形
I am
You are
He/She/It is
We are
They are

過去形
I was
You were
He/She/It was
We were
They were

現在完了形
I have been
You have been
He/She/It has been
We have been
They have been

現在進行形
I am being
You are being
He/She/It is being
We are being
They are being

未来形
I will be
You will be
He/She/It will be
We will be
They will be

過去進行形
I was being
You were being
He/She/It was being
We were being
They were being

未来進行形
I will be being
You will be being
He/She/It will be being
We will be being
They will be being

過去完了形
I had been
You had been
He/She/It had been
We had been
They had been

未来完了形
I will have been
You will have been
He/She/It will have been
We will have been
They will have been

現在完了進行形
I have been being
You have been being
He/She/It has been being
We have been being
They have been being

過去完了進行形
I had been being
You had been being
He/She/It had been being
We had been being
They had been being

未来完了進行形
I will have been being
You will have been being
He/She/It will have been being
We will have been being
They will have been being

このページは英語の動詞「be」の活用形と時制を一覧で紹介しています。